Aiptek A-HD+ 1080P High Definition Camcorder (Silver) Reviews
Average Customer Rating - 3.5 out of 5 stars
73 customer reviews
Excellent track car camera, February 17, 2009
I bought this camera to use for on-board video in my see car. I have used it for partly of a season and am very happy next to it. It's a good compromise between price, durability, and picture quality. But it does want a few tweaks before you use it on the track.
I started out looking for a full 1080P camera, but quickly found that the bazaar for these starts in the >$400 range. Reading reviews on mixed forums and talking to other racers who had tried HD cameras, the consensus be that you should avoid spending a lot on an in-car camera, as the operating environment is obviously strong on the equipment. Vibration is the biggest issue for durability with any track camera, and solid-state storage (i.e. SD cards like this camera uses) is preferable over video to better handle vibration. Still, the unbroken camera is subjected to vibration, and some handle it better than others. Unfortunately there's no passageway to tell how one camera will perform compared to another contained by this area, except to rely on experience. Thus a big part of why I chose this camera be the positive reviews from others who had been using it for some time.
As others own mentioned, its "1080p" mode is not full 1920x1080, but rather 1440x1080. I was not impressed beside the picture quality at this resolution, so I use it in 720p (1280x720). I also experimented beside the 60fps mode, but I had trouble using the resulting Quicktime MOVs - the audio did not sync properly with the video for some apology. This does not happen at 30fps. Anyways, 30fps is actually plenty smooth for track footage, and take up half the space of 60fps.
You will want to shim the battery formerly using the camera on track, to prevent it from losing contact due to vibration, and shutting off the camera. I cut a piece from an matured credit card and slid it in between the bottom of the battery and the grip, to keep the battery pushed against the contacts at the top. It have never shut off on me since doing this.
I did the "frankencharger" mod to keep the camera running on the car's electrical system, fairly than relying on the camera battery, which was usually unmoving within 2 sessions. It's a cheap and easy modification, and the camera never shuts sour in the middle of a session. For more information on this mod, search for "frankencharger" on the Rennlist forums.
I also added a wide-angle lens to modernize the range of the picture. I bought a Rokinon .45x magnetic lens (17-27mm size), and used several wraps of electrical video to secure it. In my car, the result is that the picture go perfectly to the top and left and right edges of the windshield, and down to the dais of the shifter. The picture is a little blurry near the edges (especially the vanished and right sides), but for me, the increase in view is a worthwhile compromise.
Finally, to back with wind din, I added a piece of foam over the microphone. The plastic mic cover on top of the camera slides off, and after you just stuff a piece of foam under in attendance and replace the cover. It does seem to have help reduce the noise.
At 720p 30fps, the Quicktime video mostly takes up around 900MB for a 30-minute session. I got a 16GB SD card for $40 on Amazon, which is plenty of room for a 2-day event beside 4x 30-minute sessions per day.
It has its limitations, but adjectives in all, this is a great HD track vehicle camera for the money.
Expected disappointment - but was very impressed, August 3, 2008
This camera have great image quality, and be a great buy. But one thing that frustrated me (before buying) was that I couldn't find much info going on for the more advanced specs.
But luckily, I have done the homework for you
Here are some things you might want to know:
-The CMOS is 5MP native (resolution: 2592 x 1944)
don't bother near the 8MP it just 'blows up' the image (interpolation)
-The lens, even though the carving quality is excellent, is the weak point of this camera. Its a fixed focus minus any optical zoom. Theres only digital zoom which decreases the talent the farther its zoomed in, but not too inadequately.
The 2 focus modes,
Normal: From 30cm to infinity. Best for general purpose video recording. Nothing is really out of focus unless its too close to the camera. Though the imitation can be slow to clarify on certain patterns such as grass.
Macro: For close-ups. Objects/people look alot clearer/better when focused on than next to the normal focus mode, and everything in the conditions is blurred. But you have to be sure the camera is the perfect distance away from the intention so that its in focus.
On the camera, the top setting with the mountain/stick amount is normal focus mode and the lower setting with the flower shape is macro. There are also wide-ranging angle lenses available that fit this camera.
-The battery
Battery life for me is terribly good, but depends on your recording mode, eyeshade brightness etc. Charge to 100% before turning it on (should take atleast 2-3 hours). Also sometimes the lighting seems to change disconnectedly to show that its charged when its still charging. Theres a defect where the freestyle is loose inside and rattles around/loses contact with the terminal that make it turn off. Just improvise and put a piece of paper/cardboard below the battery-operated to keep it from being loose.
-The eyeshade is good quality, knotty to see in bright daylight. No dead pixels. Camera turns on when you fold out the peak. There are controls on the side for video playback but I haven't had to use any besides 'power'.
-The mic is okay for me, but it tends to dictation the person behind the camera fairly than whats in front.
-Records from AV-IN at 720 x 480 NTSC 29.97FPS
the quality is fully clad when I record from a satellite receiver (take benefit of this with pay-per-view). When played back on SDTV it looks nearly exactly as the imaginative broadcast besides for some obvious static at the very top of the peak. Format: H264 @ 2.12mbits/sec Audio: AAC stereo 48.000khz BTW you can't do composite-in.
-has TV-OUT with AV-out and Composite-out
You can do everything with TV-out activate that you can do normally, record vids/take pics/change settings. Video and picture power is terrific, and they load instantly. If you lose 1 of the AV cables, they're matching except for the colors.
-works with my sandisk 4gb Ultra II SDHC memory card
make sure your memory card is 'high speed' if not it probably can't write data fast ample to keep up with the highly developed quality recording modes. I believe the memory check is 32gb.
-recording modes:
1080p: 29.97FPS Data rate: 7.58mbits/sec at 1920x1080
720p 60f: 59.94FPS Data rate: 6.04mbits/sec at 1280x720
720p 30f: 29.97FPS Data rate: 4.10mbits/sec at 1280x720
'DVD quality': 59.94FPS Data rate: 3.57mbits/sec at 854x480
'CIF': 29.97FPS Data rate: 750.86kbits/sec at 320x240
All except 'CIF' are 16:9 aspect ratio (widescreen)
Image quality is a bit grainy if the room is gloom, though you can adjust white balance/exposure settings to fix this. I would say the best overall setting is 720p 60FPS. Theres no stabilization but its really stupid to complain that the footage is 'shaky' when all you hold to do is hold your arm more steady/hold it with 2 hands. After adjectives the camera captures exactly what it sees and its lightweight. Theres a tripod mount too.
-tips for playback
The text of quicktime included on the CD is an old edition that plays choppy on even the fastest computer. The best way to play back your vids within my opinion is to first:
1. Rename the file from .MOV to .HDMOV
2. Play the report with Windows Media Player
doing it this way uses the graphics card (GPU) to assistance play the video, instead of just the CPU. 60fps is more intensive than 1080p at 30fps. If you get an error in the region of codecs, look up on google 'k-lite codec pack'.
Now the biggest problem everyone has is that the format of the videos (.MOV) is incompatible/doesn't work right near alot of editing software. Most people convert the video to another format which decreases the element and takes forever. Are you ready for a simple solution that will prevent you hours of frustration?
The actual video capture is encoded to H.264 codec with AAC audio, the .MOV is just a container folder. AVI, MP4, MKV and lots of others can hold H.264 video. So all you have to do is...
Rename FILE.MOV to FILE.MP4
straightforward as that...now the file should work contained by sony vegas and any other editing software that supports H264, and also play back fine with supporting medium players. To rename on a PC: Tools->Folder Options->View->Hide extensions for known file types (uncheck the box)
(when import to vegas 8.0 you have to keep trying to drag the profile over the window until an outline appears or it will crash, only release the mouse if an outline appears. Keep trying near new codecs if it crashes/won't work, its glitchy)
can beat it for the money, July 18, 2008
OK, here is the low down on these sub $200 digital camcorders, ie flip mino and aiptek. the flip win in the size and ease of use department, the aiptek within picture quality and features.
the aiptek looks like other camcorders close to the sanyo exacti line, but the aiptek is an all plastic business deal. yes, you get what you pay for! however, for the price (the a-hd 1080p price vary between 149-170) you do get amazing hd video quality. no, it does not compare to a $1000 sony hd camcorder, but when used surrounded by broad daylight the quality is really pretty impressive. worth the purchase price for sure.
where on earth all cheap camcorders fail is surrounded by the low light (indoors, evening) department, video will look graiiny und ugly. the aiptek just has a digital zoom. my advice, do not use it, especially while film, as the device does not have image stabilization. also, better to avoid pan as some tv's will show a combing effect.
but within these limitations the ability to shoot 1080, 720p and dv power at this price point is amazing !
Wow this can't be this good for the price!!, June 1, 2008
Just got this camera today and after charging the battery-operated, I have been surrounded by the back yard taking HD movies! I can notify you that this camera is better than my Hitachi DVD camcorder that cost me $475 dollars a few years ago. The Aiptek video quality is excellent. I can't believe this sells for $150. I hook the camera to my Windows XP computer using the included USB cable and drag the files to my desk top and put them contained by a program called ConvertXtoDVD. Convert X takes the .mov files from my computer and converts them to .vob files and automatically burns them to DVD! I approaching the 720@60 frames per second setting on the Aiptek A-HD+ Camcorder. The picture on my pioneer plasma is the best I have had to date surrounded by home movies, totally 16:9 wide screen and fill the screen. Still much experiementing with this camera. I did much research in the past I bought, Amazon feedback is always a great way to research and the $130 dollar model (HD-720) have audio problems. I have detected no audio problems with this model. I'm selling my hitachi DVD camcorder on Ebay! Burning the movie files to DVD is a snap using ConvertX to DVD. I basically have to find a program that will cleaning play the files on my computer. The Nero 7 I am using to play the movies on my computer is a bit shakey. NO problem, I'm sure since they are recorded as .mov files, Quicktime player should work fine. I will also experiement near VLC player. By the way, Aiptek recommends a Pentium 4 to work the movie files. I'm using a 1.5mhz laptop and burning them to DVD near no problems, I also can convert them to .VOB files and edit them with adjectives sorts of programs. I'm using a 1 GB SD card , which fits neatly in the camera manipulate and I'm getting 22 minutes of video at 720/60fps. So I will upgrade to a 2gb and almost get a hour of video, which is plenty for me. Another thought, the battery is slightly loose contained by the handle, not serious, but I read on youtube that you should place a thin piece of velcro or video at the bottom of the battery to push it closer to the battery contacts. Speaking of youtube, I would suggest you stir there and search the Aiptek A-HD+ to see adjectives the great videos this great camera can take. Since the camera doesn't enjoy video stablization and its so light, you must take caginess to hold it steady. No big deal for me.. And one last comment, the pictures that this camcorder take are not bad! I'm stil testing but compared to my old-fashioned Hitachi DVD camcorder the still pics are much better. You have a selection of a 3meg, 5meg or 8meg still picture. Still experimenting and loving it. I will make the addition of more on this review as I learn more tricks...sorry to ramble on...love this camcorder!
UPDATE: 8-29-2009
Still using this camcorder. I updated the SD card to a 8gb card, which the camera says will tender 4.5hrs of video at 720p and 2.5hrs at 1080P. I doubt the battery would last that long! I also found that I can help yourself to 1080p HD videos, they play great on the latest window 7 operating system on my laptop using the windows media player!! Before this I have to use a program M player and that would only play the 720p files.
UPDATE: 5-27-2010
Still using this camcorder. Its so easy to operate, really light, I just slip it within my pocket and go. I've never run out of battery. I simply charge it up to that time each use. I bring it to all our family unit outings. I am using a program called "AVS VIDEO EDITOR" to join adjectives the camera's .MOV movie files to one large file and instead of burning them to a DVD. I am keeping them within a hard drive and play them on the WD Live HD player. Very Cool. I do not use this camcorder for picture taking. I must of dropped it several times with out a problem. Recently, my wife and I watch our granddaughter for a week. I took videos of her each daylight, without charging the battery and it last all week. Very happy near this product.
Aiptek A-HD+ great value, June 30, 2008
I did a lot of research for an inexpensive HD camera. There are a ton of blogs and information out near for the AHD and AHD+. I have been drastically impressed. Like most others the sound is ok...but where it sets itself is the picture and price. I only just shot my son's bday (all indoors) and compared it with a Mini DV camera I shot last year at indistinguishable place. Picture is better with the AHD+ and get this...it took adjectives but 2 mins to move about 30 mins to my PC...guess how long it takes to move a mini DV to a PC - 30 mins. I purchased a 16GB card for it as 720/60fps eat memory...about 1GB per 15 min of footage. Sweet spot seems to be 720/60fps vs the other settings.
If you want 1080p power, look elsewhere., July 26, 2008
People want 1080p for the quality, not the pixel count. This product only deliver the latter.
I was really excited but also very skeptical of this product when I found it at Best buy. 1080p for $150? Somethings not right. After reading the across the world positive reviews I figured that the lack of expensive lenses or powered parts must be the reason for it being so cheap.
I tested the camera multiple times giving it the benefit of the doubt. I started contained by lower light settings, then moved to sunny motion and finally tried sunny still shots, adjectives with very disappointing results. Even a subject of late sitting and talking, not moving much was fuzzy and choppy. I tried All except the lowest resolution setting. Even at 480p the video lately didn't look right.
The first thing you notice is the frame rate. It's desperate, upon slow motion inspection, it's not that there are less than 30 frames per second, it's that the lofty compression causes any movement to undulate and warp giving the impression of low frame rate as in good health as inducing nausea.
The quality is bad too, as beside the frame rate, the pixel count is there but it still looks blurry, like they upscaled a lower characteristic image. The 720p at 60 frames per second is a joke. It looks arguably more choppy than the 1080p 30fps.
The one entry I can say for this camera is that it is simple and easy to use. There is no differentiation between the still and video mode. To shoot video push the front button, to shoot pictures push the vertebrae button. The little menu navigation there is is straightforward. It's also nice that it comes with component video cable to hook it up to an HDTV. Too bad the video that comes through it is no good.
The in low spirits thing is this would be an awesome camera if it had usable aspect, but again the frame rate is bad, the quality is discouraging, and the way the compression handles motion make me nauseous just looking at it. I hold a Sony Cybershot Digital Still Camera from a couple years back that has much better video competency.
Great for a full HD resolution, second-unit camera, May 28, 2008
I bought this not expecting much and not having seen any reviews on the Web or within print. The product is a couple of months old to market. There's some misinformation floating around out in that -- here are a few clarifications and highlights of the product from my week's worth of testing. First, it does indeed shoot at a 16:9 aspect ratio even as the video resolution is 1440x1080p -- you just entail to be sure and apply an "anamorphic" pixel ratio (i.e., not square/1:1). Also, it is a fixed focus camera: The benefit is that there's no noisy/slow auto-focusing mechanism, but the con (as with adjectives fixed focus camcorders) is that low light performance suffers somewhat, while close-in subjects run out of focus (though there is a manual macro switch on this product). Big pluses include the certainty that it's charged via a super-standard mini-USB connector, and accepts up to a 32gb SDHC card. There is a tripod mounting hole but no electronic or mechanical depiction stabilization, no optical zoom, and no external microphone/audio in port.
In short, this makes for a great "second-unit" camcorder surrounded by cases where you don't want to rough around with your primary HD camcorder, or where on earth you want to strap this onto a skateboard and the like without worrying in the order of lost investment. It's wise to take the local H.264 files that are wrapped in .mov format and convert them to .avi or MPEG-2 .mpg files for further processing/editing/burning, as most systems will stutter trying to decode the home-grown video files at 1080p/30 fps on-the-fly (i.e., even high-end video cards do not necessarily include hardware acceleration for files in this specific format). Although users appear to be especially enamored of the product's 1440x720p/60 fps non-interlaced mode, I'm not convinced that their bias is based on the benefit of double the frames-per-second, instead of the mere shortcomings of their system's hardware playback at 1080p/30 fps.
UPDATE: The following wide-angle lens attachment works faultlessly with this camcorder, and I'm tempted to use it full-time as it not single widens your field of picture, but in the process mildly reduces the inherent shake of your footage by "pulling back" a bit farther.
Sunpak CAM-2110 MagMount 0.5x Wide-Angle Conversion Lens (Large)
Excellent Device For The Price, June 21, 2008
I purchased the A-HD+1080p camcorder at Best Buy when I was passing through Lincoln, Nebraska in the order of a week ago for $169 dollars plus tax. To be honest, I purchased it with relatively low expectations. I already enjoy a Sony HC3 HDV camcorder I've had for about a year that produces excellent video so I figure there was no path this Aiptek product could even come close.
To my surprise the video quality is actually reasonably amazing. It's possible to get great video out of this unit, provided you know the device's foremost limitation, i.e. the fixed-focus plastic lens. Cell phone cameras can have multiple megapixels but the optics are almost other limited to a cheesy plastic lens, yet if you know the device's limitations it's possible to help yourself to good and sometimes even great pictures with them.
To go and get great video out of the Aiptek, follow a few rules. (1) NEVER use the digital zoom function -- always keep it zoom out. Move closer to your subject if you want it to fill more of the frame. (2) Remember to use the manual focus switch -- macro for around 20 inch away close-ups, the milieu postion for a bit farther away, and the full infinity position for anything more than about 6 to 8 feet or so away from the lens. (3) Hold the camera as steady as possible if it's a hand-held shot, and if at all possible use a tripod. (4) Use the white balance feature as vital depending on your light source. (5) Pay attention to the basic prinicples of apt photography, i.e. the "rule of thirds" -- if you don't know what that means, look it up on Wikipedia.
I've posted a video I put together entirely with the Aiptek from Riverside Park contained by West Fork, Arkansas. The HD 720p Apple TV format file is located at http://m.podshow.com/media/131/episodes/116107/truckertom-116107-06-19-2008.mp4.
AIPTEK A-HD+1080p Review - HD for the Masses, June 30, 2008
UPDATED December 25th. I am a pro-editor and I do not work for Aiptek so you will get an accurate review from me. Keep contained by mind that it is a well know fact that Aiptek have earned a questionable reputation for false advertising some features, also Aiptek have produced a plethora of models with similar names...some hold been plagued with defect (loose batteries, distorted sound), so avoid those older models altogether. This review applies merely to the new AIPTEK A-HD+1080p which, so far, appears to be their best model. My camera did not come with a battery-operated charger contrary to what is indicated by the description, the battery included did not last more than one hour. This is what I know base on my brief experience:
Pros: Small and portable fits on your shirt pocket; uses memory cards (not tapes); movies are fully compatible with Macintosh computers (.MOV) excelent playback on a Mac however they still need to be transcoded for iMovie and Final Cut Pro editing. The camera lens have a macro mode. The so called 1080p resolution is surprisingly sharp and not available in any other camera within this price range (so far). It is possible to flip the camera LCD to record yourself. It take nice stills (see the Cons). And finally, it makes for an unusual recording device (you can diary from DVD or TV to the camera Memory Card and later transfer and play the files on your computer (they will not play on your PSP or iPod unless you convert to their respective codecs. You can also story voice memos.
There are certain advantages to owning such a small camera: you are more likely to take it everywhere and record HD of something unexpected. Also, you can insert the device within unusual places and obtain otherwise impossible footage in HD.
Cons:
Be warn that video footage files created by this camera are not friendly to Windows users. (Mac users are okay). The files are H.264 Quicktime Movies which is a video format popularized by Apple. If you want to edit in true High Definition it is best to use iMovie or FCP on an Intel Mac. The nouns is typical of built-in mikes, it records typical omnidirectional audio. There is no volume control except for playback audio. Not surprisingly it has no microphone input for an external mike. This camera is useless for productions which require a lavaliere or a shotgun, such as interviews within crowded or noisy environments (i.e. Conventions)
Beware of the deceptive exposure: the 8 megapixel photos are interpolated and a waste of memory space. What Aiptek calls a "zoom" is in fact an "electronic" effect, you shouldn't videotape while zooming in and out using this electronic effect. The zoom button is positioned contained by such an awkward place that you can not hold the camera steady while zooming anyway. However, you can pause, later zoom, then record. Which brings me to the most big issue, the lack of an image stabilizer, this is just about a feature I expected to find on this type of camera, nevertheless, it will drive the "pros" insane. An Aiptek will only produce a fully clad stable image while mounted on a tripod (it has a tripod hole on the bottom).
AIPTEK video files are no more YouTube compatible than any other video, you still own to convert the codec during the uploading process like everyone else.
Conclusion:
This is not the camera to take on your leave to Hawaii, nor a concert or to video a wedding, for that, you need to obtain yourself a real camera, else you may run into some serious problems. You may:
1) Run out of memory (AIPTEK claims you can use a maximum memory card of 32GB but most people will probably use 2-8gb)
2) You may accidentally deplete the mobile which in turn can not be recharged without a laptop because it works similar to an iPod (or you can expend more money on an extra battery or a charger).
3) You may discover your sound is not dutiful after your vacation/wedding is over.
4) Poor quality in dim muted , like the interior of a Museum or at dusk.
5) You may discover your footage is too shaky because you didn't have a tripod. It looks worse on your HD TV than it does on the camera while record.
6) You may set the camera accidentally on Macro and everything is out of focus. (Very easy to do)
7) From time to time you may get a "Card Protect" error when you press dictation, this is a manufacturing error , the camera "thinks" the card' is locked but IT IS NOT LOCKED, hence rendering the card unusable; if you are on vacation and enjoy only one card, you are sheer out of luck. If this happens to you, try wiggle the card in and out. This error message pops up at random.
Not a problem next to AIPTEK but with all memory cards is their innate propensity for facts corruption, regretfully there is no way to get better HD footage from a corrupt card. This does not happen with videotape because any camcorder would put on alert you if something goes wrong with the cassette mechanism.
My review is harsh but accurate, I don't parsimonious to present this camera in a negative table lamp, it has its usefulness. It is good as a back-up camera and within my personal experience, it is the best camera to carry with you when you are contained by a dangerous area where on earth things can get stolen or destroyed by accident. If you loose it next you are only out a couple of bucks. Also, it is less smaller amount likely to attract theft.
Obviously, most positive reviews here come from rookies who are justifiably excited to see High Definition for the first time and at a price they can afford. So, if you are an HD rookie, this is a nice buy for you. One could say aloud the AIPTEK HD is Hi-Def for the masses.
Great for the price, March 22, 2010
If you're looking for a cheap video camera to record memories or what enjoy you, look no further. While it's not something you'd use to shoot some ridiculously high-quality production, it's pretty much what most people want surrounded by a camera.
First, the good. The price is astoundingly cheap for what you get. 1080p at 30 fps, 720p at 60. What more could you want? Plus the viewfinder is legally clear, though a bit small.
The size of the unit is great, and it can fit in a purse or tote daypack or whatever. It's incredibly light, almost too standard lamp; it feels like there's nil inside it.
It creates movies in quicktime format which will make PC users dismal, but if you download a program called FxBear MOV Video Converter you can convert the files over to AVI for free, although it takes awhile for longer video.
It easily connects to any computer as long as you have a Type A to Mini USB cord, which are cheap and found anywhere that sell electronics. You can even use your computer to charge the unit.
It's also got a voice recorder which...I dunno, I doubt I'll ever use it, but conceivably some people would think that's cool.
And in a minute the bad. I don't know exactly how much memory the unit comes next to, but it's not enough. You can get an SD card for pretty cheap to grossly expand the amount of pictures/videos you can store on it, but it's still another expense and another trip to the store. Pick a card up when you buy that USB cable.
This item also performs terribly within low light situations. Two 60 watt bulbs in a small bedroom-sized room are hardly enough. Outside it's fine, so long as it isn't night, but if you're a image hunter or something look elsewhere. It has a feature call Night Shot, but it cuts your framerate so badly it's not worth using.
It's got a cheap omnidirectional mic, but if you're the description of person who cares roughly that chances are you've got an external mic anyway. A few modifications could variety the mic shotgun-style, but only if you don't mind working with power tools and shaping plastic. And even afterwards I can't guarantee the quality would be too good. If you're going to be doing like mad of recording in a rowdy area I'd suggest an external microphone. You can sync the audio to the video on a PC.
The recording radius is god-awful. Even at minimum zoom it looks similar to you're looking through a telescope. Fortunately there's a cheap lens out there that'll double the radius, but again, it's just another expense. You can check my reviews for it, I don't remember what it's call.
There's no optical zoom, but since the lens it comes with is basically the hubble telescope that's not too far-reaching unless you're recording at the Metrodome or something.
And finally, there's no automatic focusing. It's got two modes: close and far. Far is anything over approaching three feet, so chances are you'll be contained by "Far mode" most of the time. It's not a big deal, but having to flip a switch any time you want to focus on something close to the camera is description of annoying. Plus even in close mode if it's closer than about a foot it'll blur up again. Not accurate for recording electronic circuitry or...microbes, or whatever.
Overall I'd articulate if you're looking to spend a small amount of money on a decent camera, this would be what you want. Perfect for any situation that doesn't involve low light or constant dynamic zooming/focusing.
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